Cattles Diseases And prevention of diseases

 Cattle Diseases

A healthy animal can be recognized by its regular feeding, normal posture, a

definite body temperature normal pulse rate and normal respiration rate.

The diseases adversely affect the milk production and may even cause death

Diseases Caused By Parasites

Parasites on the inside or outside.

Many skin illnesses are brought on by external parasites, which are skin-dwelling.

Worms and other internal parasites can harm the stomach and intestine because they dwell inside the body.

A liver fluke could have a fatal impact.

communicable disease

They were transmitted from ill animals to healthy animals and even from humans. There are a few prevalent ailments in cattle:

a foot and mouth condition

• Anthrax
• Rinderpest
• Salmonellosis Cow Pox

 Many times, these illnesses don't make the animal seem ill, but they can seriously illen people. Before working with cattle, anyone with certain medical problems, such as an immunodeficiency and pregnancy, should speak with their doctor since they may be more at risk of contracting a zoonotic disease or its repercussions. Ringworm, Q fever, chlamydiosis, leptospirosis, salmonellosis, listeriosis, yersiniosis, cryptosporidiosis, and infections with pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli, Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, campylobacteriosis, MRSA, rabies, and anthrax are among the illnesses that can affect cattle. The website Healthy Pets, Healthy People, run by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has more information about zoonotic diseases.

Foot And Mouth Diseases

It is a contagious viral illness.

A virus causes blisters on the feet and inside the mouth, as well as a high temperature that lasts for two to six days.

excessive salivation, decreased appetite, and mouth pain.

Limbs start to tremble.

the most prevalent illness in cattle 

Anthrax

caused by the Bacillus anthraces bacteria.

affects pigs, sheep, goats, and cattle.

harmful and contagious

Animal displays pustules (swellings) on its neck and other body regions.

Per acute, acute, or sub acute anthrax in animals can also be chronic. At the beginning of an outbreak, the per acute type typically affects cattle, sheep, and goats. Cattle, sheep, and horses commonly exhibit the acute or sub acute type. Although chronic anthrax has been observed to occur in cattle, horses, dogs, and cats, it is most frequently encountered in less vulnerable species like pigs. Animals are more frequently infected through ingesting than through inhalation or inoculation through skin sores. When livestock is discovered dead, bloated, and without rigor mortis, initial anthrax suspicions may be sparked. Body orifices may be showing signs of blood.

Rinder Pest (cattle plague)

Viral Illness.

oral lesions, a high fever, increased salivation, red eyes, and appetite loss.

Back arching is present.

Following initial constipation, there occurs bloody diarrhea.

A virus belonging to the genus Morbillivirus in the Paramyxoviridae family is what causes rinderpest. When infected, many species of domestic and wild animals with cloven hooves (including sheep and goats) only exhibit minor signs of the illness, but in herds of cattle and buffalo, fatality rates can reach as high as 100%.

In the event that there is a resurgence of the disease, the OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code offers comprehensive advice on the prevention and control of rinderpest.

The OIE has established official acceptance of the sanitary status procedures for countries and zones for seven illnesses, including rinderpest.

Since rinderpest is still a disease that needs to be reported to the OIE, suitable surveillance mechanisms must be kept in place to enable the quick identification of any clinical cases.

  

Cow Pox

Cowpox, also known as vaccinia, is a rare, minimally contagious animal illness that first appeared in cows and is most frequent in cats. When it infects apparently healthy people, it results in immunity to smallpox. The smallpox virus, variola, and the cowpox virus share many similarities. Vaccinia is a term that has been used to describe cowpox in several contexts, including the human version of the illness, the virus that causes it, and the intentionally created human form of the disease.

                                                                       Long recognized as a disease of cows, cowpox illness manifests in cows as ulcers on the teats; in humans, cowpox manifests as a self-contained localized lesion on the hands or at other areas where scratches or abrasions allowed the virus to enter. Following the discovery that milkmaids who had contracted cowpox while milking later developed immunity to smallpox, English surgeon Edward Jenner showed the prophylactic benefit of vaccination, or intentional inoculation with the vaccinia virus, in 1796. Researchers found that rodents were a natural reservoir for the virus in the 1980s and that rodents, not cattle, were mostly to blame for human cowpox infections.

PRVENTION OF DISESASES

The animal shelters should be roomy, open, and well-lit.

(2) Regular cleanings of the animal shelter are required.

(3) Fresh water and nutrient-rich feed should be offered.

(4) The animals should receive mandatory vaccinations to protect them from contagious diseases.

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